Syringe equipment and apparatus



@et 39 w33. G. NT Hem SYRINGE EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet lFiled Jan. 20, 1931 wimwaluammmam'agw N VEN TOR.

' ATTORNEY @CL 3' R933. G. N. HEIN SYRINGE EQUIPMENT AND APPARATUS FiledJan. 20,11931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORNEY Patented Qct. 3, 1933 u PATENToFFicE- uiTED STATES 3 Ciairns,

rEhis invention relates to syringe equipment and particularly tosyringes in which it is desired to expel liquids from an originalcontainer wherein the contents are sealed against impurities or foreignmatter, and which are readily adaptable to packaging of a number ofunits in a container, so that it is not necessary to transfer thecontents to separate dispensing containers at time of use. Such syringesare highly desirable in the dental and medical professions forsubcutaneous and venous injections, and in other situations where it isadvantageous to have fluid dispensed from a normally closed containervial.

The invention lherein may also be used in dispensing apparatus employingthe syringe principle of expulsion of contents of a vial by pressure,and is adaptable to use with pastes and plastic materials equally withuids.

Among the objects of the invention are to provide a container vialadaptable to packaging of a number of vial units in a container, andWherein the contents of the vials may be placed therein at point ofmanufacture and the contents expelled direct from the vial, eithercompletely vor in portions without exposing the vial contents toextraneous impurities; to -provide for closing said contents within thevial against impurities; to provide a closure for vials which permitsthe contents of the vial to be discharged through a discharge orice bypressure thereon, and which automatically closes upon cessation of thepressure; to provide apparatus to expel the contents of such containersby hand pressure and'by mechanical leverage and to provide apparatuswhereby such apparatus may be mounted upon and operated on a wall orbracket support.

With the above mentioned and other objects in view, the inventionconsists in the novel construction and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out inthe claims hereto appended; it being understood that various changes inthe form, proportion, size and minor details of construction within thescope of the claims may be resorted to without departing from the spiritor sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

To more clearly comprehend the invention, reference is directed to theaccompanying drawings,

wherein- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of vial body and closuremembers.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of vial body of Fig. 1 in operativemounting in a syringe frame.

(Ci. M13-2id) bers in syringe forming relation, and an end adapted formounting of injection needle, and a needle casing with casing transposedto a plunger shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of syringe assembly showing invertedtype syringe wherein y the vial is a plunger and the closure is a pistonhead.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of vial for inverted syringe, withthreaded closure.`

Fig. '71 is a longitudinal section of vial and 70 closure with portionof a modified form of piston end.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section of side View of vial support for wallmounting with vial mounted therein and plunger threadedly operable.

Fig. 9 is a side View vertical section of wall mounting bracket withvial depending vertically therein.

Fig. l0 is a vertical elevation in section of vial showing inverted typeof use in a counter or table dispenser.l l Fig. 11 is a longitudinalsection of vial threaded at each end to engage other syringe formingequipment.

rl.here are two .general groups of vial syringes and dispensers, one ofwhich is known as the regular type, wherein a plunger is received.- inone end of the container and by pressure discharges the fluid from theopposite end of the container, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, and theother type known as the inverted type in which the container is open atone end only, said open end being slidably mounted over avtubularpiston, the container per se being the plunger member, as shown in Figs.5, 6 and 7.

The vial is of a type suited to the expelling equipment with which it isto be used. Fig. 1 shows a vial for use in a regular syringe having aframe with a plunger opposite the discharge end.

Fig. i shows a vial for use without a vial frame 100 and wherein aplunger support may be threadedly attached to one end of the vial and atubular needle attached to the discharge end of the vial, whereas Figs.5, 6 and 7 show the container or vial used with the inverted type ofsyringe in which 106.

it is necessary to have one end only of the container or vial open.

Application of the 'invention to dispensing of liquids or pastes for allpurposes and of all kinds,

is merely a matter'A of degree in change of size 110 vided externally'of the danse 24. v A As illustrated in the varying modided structuresof suitable body-forming material, preferably transparent, such asglass, and having an opening at a discharge end 2, whereat is mounted adischarge nipple 3 which is slidable axially internally of the tubularbody and tightly engages the internal walls of the discharge end, as at4, so as to close theopening thereof against leakage.

The nipple s has a may or elastic raster-iai, auch as resilient rubber,and through its wall is provided with a discharge opening 5 which ispreferably a puncture or incision without removal of material of thenipple, such as a slit made with a razor blade or a puncture made with asharp instrument, so that the elastic material, by reason of itselasticity or resiliency will lspring together upon withdrawal of theincision instrument, so as to close the opening of the slit or punctureagainst normal opening, but leaving the slit or puncture open in thesense that upon pressure within the container, the elasticity orresiliency of the material will cause the walls of the slit or punctureto spread apart -so as to permit discharge of the contents of thecontainer.

The nipple is preferably provided with an arrially extended tubularportion 6, into which the slit or puncture 5 opens, the tubuiar portionhaving an opening at its opposite end into the container body, as at 8.

In containers or vials which` have one end open only and areintended'for the inverted type of syringe or dispenser, (see Figs. 6, 7and 10), the nipple is the only closure required for the container, andis axially slidable therein, and thereby acts as a sealing cork when thecontainer is not being operated, and as a dispenser and a piston headduring operation to expel the contents oi the container.

In the containers or'vials which have an opening at both ends and areintended for syringes of regular type, (see Figs. l and 4), the nippleis preferably positively positioned relative to the discharge endopening 2, so as not to be blown Y from its seat at the discharge end ofthe vial, as

by la circumferential shoulder 22 which provides apbase seated withinthe container. abutting a flange 24 which extends radially inward of thecontainer wall. A shoulder 23 may also be pro` of nipples shown in therespective views. the part of the tubular portion 6 which has thepuncture or slit 5 therein extends axially beyond the shoulder or baseportion 22, providing a discharge yorifice which, in opening responsiveto pressure within the tubular body, is not required to overcome theresistance ofthe resilient pressure of radial material in the shoulderor base 22 and thus permits extrusion of the vial contents upon exertionof considerably less pressure within the tubular body than wouldotherwise be required and prevents sudden spurts of material in fillinga cannula just prior'to an injection.

1n containers for vials for usewith the regular type of syringes ordispensers, a closure cork 9 is provided for what may be termed theillling end of the tubular container body, the cork being preferably ofresilient material, such as rubber.

The cork closure 9 has snug slidable fit with the inner wall of thecontainer, andpreferably is provided with end faces 10 connected by aside wall which preferably has one or more circumferential grooves llwhich permits ease of sliding by providing for a minimum of frictionalcontact between the cork and container walls. One end face of the cork 9is preferably provided with a projection 12, which may have corrugationsor threads 12a, adapted to be engaged by one end of a plunger member 13,which may be threaded, as at 13a to positively engage correspondingthreads of the projection 12, to axially rotate the cork, or move it ineither direction.'

The container has thus far been described as solely a dischargingdevice. jections it is desirable that a syringe be capable of drawingblood from a vein. to insure that a vein Ahas actually been entered by'the injection needle, prior to injection. For this purpose, a doubleended tubular injection needle is used `(see Fig. 3), one end of the(`cannula 14 extending free into a recess 15 in the needle base 16. andadapted to pass through the puncture 5 and to be closely gripped by theresilient walls thereof when rthe punctured portion 'of the nipple bodyis received .within said rec'ess .15.. Thus, prior to injection, theplunger 13 and the cork 9 may be drawn outwardly to cause suction ofvenous blood into the container, which immediately notifies the operatorthat a vein has been punctured and the plunger is then depressedinwardly to discharge the fluid and complete the injection.

For use of the vial in Fig. l, a syringe frame 17 is provided which maybe fenestrated, as at 17, to afford view therethrough, and the framemountsA at one end a needle base 16, as by threads 18, the base beingprovided with recess l5 into which the end of the resilient nipple issnugly received, so that the wall of the recess forms a In entrevenousin-` support against the walls of the nipple and intended axially of thetube to provide a tubular neck 25, preferably threaded externally andadapted to mount a needle base having a cannula 26 and having recess 15threaded to engage the threads of the container neck. A tubular needlecasing -27 is removably mounted on the needle base and has its oppositeend preferably sealed by a closure cork 28. The casing preferably has anouter diameter similar to the inner diameter of the container body, sothat it may be transposed and used as a plunger 13 (see dotted lines v'Fig. 4). The closure cork in the casing is provided with a recess 29which engages the pro.- iection 12 of the snugly slidable cork 9, andaxially aligns cork and piston.' l

In the inverted type of syringe (see Figs. 5, 6 and 7), the containervial 30, with its closure nipple 3 are mounted at an end of a tubularshaft 31 having its discharge end 32 adapted to mount an injectionneedle. The opposite end of the tubular shaft is provided with a head 33which is preferably removable by means of threads 34 and is providedwith recess' 85 into which the punctured portion 5 of the nipple 'isreceived. Upon depression of the container 30 over the piston head 33,the nipple 3 is receded in the vial ico and the contents are expelledthrough the puncture 5 which opens under pressure and discharges thevial contents through the tubular shaft and needle. Upon cessation ofthe pressure, the puncture 5 automatically closes and again seals thecontents from exposure to contamination.

A frame 36 may be provided to guide the reciprocation of the containerrelative to the tubular shaft, and nger grip bars 38 may be providedextending radially outward from the frame. It is desirable that aplunger casing 39 besprovided to slide within the frame and carrytherein the tubular container vial.

Modifications of the nipple structure for inverted syringes are shown inFigs. 6 and '7. In Fig. 6, a threaded ferrule 46 is provided so that thenipple may be threadedly engaged by a suitably threaded piston head, ifdesired. In Fig. 'l a nipple structure is disclosed wherein the outerface of the nipple is provided with an annular groove or recess 3n intowhich the edges of the piston head seat, and'thus provide for themanufacturing advantage of reducing the depth of recess 8.

In the use of the vial in apparatus acting on the syringe principle,Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate the regular type, and Fig. 10 illustrates theinverted type. Both types are adapted for use in the medical and dentalprofessions in place of the gravity syringe or water bottle, where alarge quantity of solution or paste is desired for interi' mittent useduring operations lor in like situations, and a suitable conduit tubemay be attached over the nipple 3.. These types of syringe dispensersare also adaptable for use in individual units or in batteries, and areespecially advantageous for household and store uses where it is desiredto package liquids or pastes in original closed containers and fromwhich the contents may be dispensed in its entirety or in portionswithout change of container or exposure to foreign matter, and so thatwhen a portion of the contents are dispensed, the remaining contents arenot exposed to atmosphere or any contamination. Ordinarily, thecontainers or vials would be made in larger sizes for household andstore usage than when used in an injection syringe for subcutaneous andvenous injections.

In Figs. 8 and 9, the tubular container is 1, and is preferably disposedvertically, and is provided with nipple 3 and slidable closure cork 9.In Fig. 8 a supporting frame generally indicated A is provided having atop 41,` a bottom portion 42 and side wall 43, therebetween andproviding a chamber whose walls are preferably fenestrated as at 44 topermit view of the container. A bracket 45 may be attached to theframe-A for mounting the syringe dispenser on a wall o'r support. Athreaded plunger 46 is threadedly engaged in an opening 47 in the topand at one end engages the closure cork 9 so that as the plunger isaxially rotated' in one direction by means of hand wheel 48, the closurecork 9 will be depressed to expel the contents of the container throughthe nipple 3, and upon being If desired. a removable dust cap 52 may beprovided over the end of the nipple.

In Fig. 9 a modified form of frame and plunger .l are provided,comprising a bracket 53 mountable on a wall by suitable means, such asscrews 54, and provided with a horizontally disposed annular ringcontainer support 55, said ring preferably mounting over its upper edgeand abutting its inner wall, as at 56, an annular resilient cushion 57in which case the filling end of the container is provided with anexternal annular bead 58 to engage said cushion and support thecontainer therein. A plunger frame or guide 59 is suitably mounted onthe annular ring 55, pivoted at 60, and snugly fitting holes 61 inthering. The frame 59 has an opening 62 aligned vertically with the radialcenter of the annular ring 55, said opening being adapted to receivetherethrough a reciprocable plunger member 63 having at one end anoperating hand piece 64 and having its opposite end contacting with theclosure cork 9, so that by pressure upon the plunger, the contents ofthe vial container l' may be discharged through the slit or puncture 5of the nipple.

Fig. 10 is especially adapted to a syringe of the inverted type, thecontainer vial BOand nipple 3 being of the same type shown in Fig. 5. Aframe is provided, generally indicated B, which has a base 65,preferably mounted on legs 66. Extending upwardly from the base arevertical guide members l-which slidably receive and thereby guide prongs68 of a vertically reciprocable top member 69. A tubular shaft 70 isvertically mounted on the base and is provided at its upper end with ahead 71 having a recess .'72 adapted to receive therein the puncturedend 5 of nipple 3, and the other end of the tube extends through anopening '73 in the base and is arranged thereat so as to support asecond punctured nipple 3 preferably by a radially extending annularbead '74 over which resilient walls of the nipple may be slid and bedeformed, so as to support the nipple by resilient grip. This secondnipple may be further sustained in its mounting on the end of the tubeby a ferrule 'l5 snugly tting around the walls thereof towhich ferrulemay be mounted a conduit tube '76. Upon depression of the top 69,container 30 is depressed vertically over the tubular shaft 70 withrelation to which it is slidably guided, the shaft 70 combining with thenipple to form a piston to provide pressure whereby the contents of thecontainer are extruded through the puncture 5 into the tube 70a andthrough the puncture of the second nipple, the second nipple serving toprevent impurities from entering the tube 70a. Upon cessation of thepressure, the punctures ofboth nipples close by the resilience of thematerial thereof. l

It will be noted that the closing of the nipple by its own inherentresilience, prevents any back suction resulting from rebound of vialcontents or of the resilient closure corks, upon cessation of theexpelling pressure, and when used in irljection syringes, there is nodrawback or suction of the contents of the needle or of blood orsolution that has once been injected, nor will air be drawn into theneedle during intermission between successive injections. The automaticclosing of the discharge opening results in retaining the unusedsolution in unpoluted condition, so that it may be used in portionsuntil the vial is entirely emptied, thus resulting in great saving ofinjection fluids.

The advantages of` this type of vial are apparent for purposes ofsterilization. It may be placed in boiling water. without blowing outthe closure members, since the expansionfrom heat is relieved by a verysmall amount of fluid being expelled from lthe nipple, which closesthereafter by its' own resilience.

' I claimz- 1. A container for syringe equipment including a tubularbody having anopening at one end, a nipple of elastic material mountedat said open end and having a base portion providing a shoulderandhaving a tubular portion normally extended beyond the shoulder, saidnipple being provided with a puncture in the extended tubular portionnormally closed by the resilience of the elastic material of the nippleand adapted to open responsive to pressure within the body.

2. Acontainer for syringe equipment including a tubular body having anopening at one end, a nipple of resilient material adapted to normallyclose the opening of said one end portion of said tubular body, lSaidnipple having a base portion and an extended portion of less radialdiameter than the base, said nipple having an axial tubular recesstherein open at said base portion and having a closure wall at saidextended portion, said closure wall being of lesser thickness ofmaterial than the thickness ci' material ofthe wall ysat the said baseand said extended portion having a puncture therethrough, the face wallsoi which are normally in contact so as to close said puncture and whichare adapted to spread apart responsive to pressure within the tubularbody.

3. A container for syringe equipment including a tubular body one end ofwhich has an opening surrounded by aLange extending radially inwardly,and a nipple of elastic material adapted to normally close the openingoi said end portion of said tubular body, said nipple having a baseadapted for seating on said ange within the tubular body, and having aportion extending through the opening and of lesser diameter than saidbase, said extended `portion being provided with a puncture thereinwhich is normally closed responsive to the elasticity ot the nipplematerial, said puncture being adapted to open responsive topressurewithin the tubular body. 4. In container equipment for extrudingcontents by pressure, a nipple of elastic material adapted for mountingat a portion of the container provided with an opening, comprising abase, an extension portion connected to the base .and of less diameterthan the base providing a radial shoulder on the base, and providingwalls of lesser thickness at the extended portion than at thebaseportion, said extended portion having va Apuncture therein which isnormally closed reipaaeu sponsive ,to the elasticity of the nipplematerial and which is adapted to open responsive to pressure within acontainer to which the nipple is mounted. p

5. A container for syringe equipment including a tubular body having anopening at one end, a nipple of elastic material slidably mounted withinsaid tubular body, said nipple having .a base portion providing ashoulder and a tubular portion normally extended beyond the shoulder,said nipple being provided with a puncture in the extended tubularportion normally closed by the resilience of the elastic lmaterial ofthe nipple and adapted to open responsive to pressure within the body.'

6. In syringe equipment, a'closure member for an open end of a containerbody, comprising a nipple of elastic material having a base portionproviding a shoulder and having a tubular portion normally extendedaxially beyond the shoulder, said nipple being provided with a puncturein the extended 'tubular portion normally closed by the resilience ofthe elastic material of the nipple and adapted to openresponsive topressure within the body.

7. In syringe equipment, a `closure member for an open end of acontainer body. comprising a nipple of elastic material having a baseportion adapted for engaging the wall of the container body 'and havinga discharge end vportion comprising an axial extension from the baseportion base portion is in engagement with the confor extending beyondthe base portion .when the tainer wall, the base portion and theextended discharge portion being tubular and the extended discharge endportion vhaving the tube therein normally closed adjacent its extrusionend.

8. In syringe equipment, a closure member for an open end of a containerbody, comprising a nipple of elastic material having a base portionadapted for engaging the wall of the container body and having adischarge end portion comprising an'\axial extension from the baseportion for f extending beyond the base portion when the base portion isin engagement with the container wall, the base portion and the extendeddischarge portion being tubular and the extended discharge end portionhaving the tube therein normally closed adjacent its extrusion end. thesaid discharge end portion including means whereby a iso-

